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1920 US Federal Census Data Belfast
Data extracted by Sam Kissen (2017)

Link to DMJ Bio	Relation to head		own/rent, value	c birthyr	age	Age at 1st Marr	student	literate?	POB person	POB father	POB mother	mother tongue	YOI	nat/alien	occupation	industry	Notes	Source
Louis Frankel	Son	25 High Street		abt 1898	22		no	yes	Massachusetts	Russia	Russia				salesman	dry goods		1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Sadie Frankel	Daughter	25 High Street		abt 1896	24		no	yes	New York	Russia	Russia				saleswoman	dry goods		1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Sam Freedman	Head	16 Cross Street	R	abt 1877	43		no	yes	Russia	Russia	Russia	Russian	1903	alien	junk dealer			1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Annie Freedman	Wife	16 Cross Street		abt 1878	42		no	yes	Russia	Russia	Russia	Russian	1903	alien				1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Ida Frankel	Wife	25 High Street		abt 1878	42		no	yes	Russia	Russia	Russia	Russian	1896	alien	merchant	dry goods		1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Marion Frankel	Daughter	25 High Street		abt 1897	23		no	yes	New York	Russia	Russia				saleswoman	dry goods		1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Louis Freedman	Son	16 Cross Street		abt 1899	21		yes	yes	England	Russia	Russia							1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Morris Frankel	Head	25 High Street	O	abt 1862	58		no	yes	Russia	Russia	Russia	Russian	1895	alien	salesman	dry goods		1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Abraham Casman	Head	X Market Street	R	abt 1875	45		no	yes	Poland	Poland	Poland	Jewish	1901	naturalized	junk dealer	own shop		1920 US Fed Census -Belfast
Sadie Freedman	Daughter	16 Cross Street		abt 1908	12		no	yes	New York	Russia	Russia							1920 US Fed Census -Belfast

Methodological notes :


	This data was culled from the original U.S. census manuscripts, as found on www.ancestry.com. Jews are understood to constitute an ethnic group of Eastern and Central European origin characterized by common names and occupational pursuits, as well as a distinctive language. This definition lends itself well to analysis of the data preserved in census records.
	Two primary methods were used to identify Jews:
	1. Individuals born abroad whose mother tongue is "Yiddish," "Jewish," or "Hebrew" were automatically included in the spreadsheet, as were all members of their families.
	2. For individuals born abroad whose mother tongue was another Eastern or Central European language (e.g., Russian, Polish, German), or individuals born in the U.S. with one or more parents from Eastern or Central Europe, we examined surnames, given names within a household, and occupations in light of common Jewish characteristics. This method of analysis is, of course, subject to inaccuracy, as we may have excluded Jews with uncommon names or occupations or included non-Jews whose characteristics appear Jewish. Individuals listed with the annotation "nj?" in the far right-hand column are those whose Jewish ancestry is plausible but questionable.
	This method of analysis easily misses Jewish households whose members' parents were all born in the United States. In 1930 Maine, however, such households were quite rare. Special efforts were made to identify households of this nature in Portland, where they constituted less than 1% of identified Jewish households.
	All members of a household containing a Jew are included in the spreadsheet, with the exception of Jewish lodgers and servants, who are listed individually. Household members who are evidently not Jewish (such as non-Jewish servants and some spouses or in-laws) are listed with the annotation "nj."
	Information on place of birth
	Some people replied with the name of the place when they left; others replied with the name of place when the census was taken; in other cases it just seems that it was easier for the census taker to write ‘Russia’ rather than Lithuania, Ukraine or other unfamiliar country names.
	And there is another reason to be skeptical of the accuracy of the place of birth information. Immigrants from the Pale had a very justified fear of the Russian and often local governments. One way to manage this reality was to tell government representatives what they expected they wanted to hear or what they thought would bring them the least trouble. This may well explain why a number of family members, who were clearly from Eastern Europe, may have answered ‘Maine’ or ‘New York’.

Last Updated : Jan 2 , 2021

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